Number Theory Vocabulary

PRIME: Any number that is only divisible by itself and 1.
Examples: 1, 2, 5, 7 . . .

What others can you think of?

 

COMPOSITE: Any number that is not prime; divisible by numbers other than itself and 1.
Examples: 4, 6, 8, 9 . . .

What others can you think of?

 

FACTORS: Numbers that will divide into a specific number.
Examples: Factors of 12 are 1,2,3,4,6,12.

What factors can you come up with for 10, 24, 25, 36, and 100?

 

MULTIPLES: Numbers that are divisible by specific number.
Examples: Multiples of 12 are 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 . . .

What are the multiples of 11, 7 and 9?

 

COMMUNICATIVE PROPERTY: In both addition and multiplication it does not matter what order the numbers are listed in.
Examples: 3 + 4 = 7; 4 + 3 =7 and 2 X 6 = 12; 6 X 2 = 12.

Give three examples for the communicative property for both addition and multiplication.

 

ASSOCIATIVE PROPERTY: In both addition and multiplication parenthesis can be moved and it does not change the value of the expression.
Examples: (3 + 4) + 6 = 13; 3 + (4 + 6) = 13 and 5 X (2 X 6) = 60; (5 X 2) X 6 = 60.

Write three examples of the associative property for both addition and multiplication.